Biogas, generated from organic waste, presents a promising alternative to fossil fuels. However, to fully harness its potential, effective purification is essential. Raw biogas primarily consists of methane, carbon dioxide, and various minor components. The exact composition varies based on the organic materials used and the conditions within landfill environments. Additionally, leaks in landfill collection systems can lead to elevated nitrogen (N₂) levels in the gas.

To maximize the value of biogas, it must be upgraded to biomethane. This process involves removing impurities and separating methane from carbon dioxide. Key impurities targeted in the purification process include:

• Hydrogen Sulphide (H₂S): This corrosive gas can cause severe damage to equipment and poses environmental risks.
• Siloxanes: Silica compounds that can form abrasive deposits, potentially damaging machinery.
• Terpenes: Organic compounds that can create unpleasant odors and interfere with biogas processing.